Are OSHA Health Inspections Effective? A Longitudinal Study in the Manufacturing Sector

Wayne Gray and Carol Adaire Jones

The Review of Economics and Statistics, 1991, vol. 73, issue 3, 504-08

Abstract: The authors examine the impact of OSHA health inspections on compliance with agency regulations in the manufacturing sector, with a unique plant-level dataset of inspection and compliance behavior during 1972-1983, the first twelve years of OSHA enforcement operations. Two major findings are robust across the range of linear and count-distribution models estimated in the paper: (1) the number of citations and the number of violations of worker exposure restrictions decrease with additional health inspections in manufacturing plants; and (2) the first health inspection has the strongest impact. The results suggest that prior research focusing on the limited impact of OSHA safety regulations may underestimate OSHA's total contribution to reducing workplace risks. Copyright 1991 by MIT Press.

Date: 1991
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