PENGARUH IKATAN BISNIS DAN POLITIS TERHADAP KINERJA PERUSAHAAN: EFEK MODERASI KETERGANTUNGAN PADA PARTNER

Badri Munir Sukoco () and Ibrahim Ibrahim ()

Jurnal Siasat Bisnis, 2012, vol. 16, issue 2

Abstract: AbstractSocial capital of firms, either business or political ties, contributes positively on their performance. However, prior studies rarely examine whether business or political ties that contribute to firms’ performance. Based on social capital theory, we argue that business ties have greater contribution on Indonesian firms’ performance than political ones. Further, we predict that interdependency toward partner, either in business or politics, could strengthen the relationship between social capital and performance. A survey was conducted among 154 business managers or owners enlisted in KADIN Surabaya. Interestingly, political ties have greater influence on firms’ performance than business ties. High interdependency toward business or political partners could strengthen the positive influence of social capital on performance. Managerial and academic implications are further discussed.Keywords: business ties, political ties, interdependency, social capital theory, and performance AbstrakSumberdaya sosial (social capital) yang dimiliki perusahaan, baik berupa ikatan bisnis maupun politis, berkontribusi secara positif terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Namun, studi sebelumnya jarang menguji secara empiris apakah ikatan bisnis atau politis-kah yang berkontribusi terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Berdasarkan teori modal sosial, kami berargumentasi bahwa ikatan bisnislah yang berpengaruh lebih dominan terhadap kinerja perusahaan di Indonesia dibandingkan ikatan politis. Lebih lanjut, kami menggambarkan bahwa ketergantungan terhadap partner, baik partner bisnis maupun politis, akan memperkuat hubungan antara ikatan bisnis maupun politis terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Dengan melakukan survey terhadap 154 manajer atau pemilik perusahaan yang terdaftar pada KADIN Surabaya, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikatan politis yang dimiliki pengusaha berpengaruh lebih dominan terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Ketergantungan yang tinggi terhadap partner (bisnis maupun politis) akan memperkuat hubungan antara ikatan yang ada terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Implikasi akademis dan manajerial akan dibahas lebih lanjut dalam tulisan ini.Kata kunci: ikatan bisnis, ikatan politis, ketergantungan, teori modal sosial, dan kinerja perusahaan

Date: 2012
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