The effect of financial development on income inequality in Turkey: An estimate of the Greenwood-Jovanovic hypothesis

Emrah Koçak and Uzay Nısfet ()
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Uzay Nısfet: Erciyes University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Economics, Kayseri, Turkey

Review of Economic Perspectives, 2019, vol. 19, issue 4, 319-344

Abstract: This paper is the first to examine the linear and nonlinear effect of financial development on income inequality in Turkey over the period of 1980-2013. Financial development is represented by disaggregated and aggregated indicators. In this way, the effects of various financial indicators on income inequality are explained. Maki (2012) structural breaks co-integration test, and Stock and Watson (1993) dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) methods are followed for empirical analysis. Finally, the fully modified least squares (FM-OLS) regression analysis method developed by Philips and Hansen (1990) is used for robustness check. The estimation results of the linear relationship indicate that financial development is a mitigating effect on income inequality. These results support the inequality-narrowing hypothesis. The non-linear relationship results show that financial development first increases income inequality but after financial development reaches a certain level, this effect is reversed and financial development reduces income inequality. These results support the Greenwood-Jovanovic hypothesis. All the results strongly suggest that financial development is a mitigating or improving effect on income inequality over the long-run.

Keywords: Financial development; Income inequality; Greenwood-Jovanovic hypothesis; Turkey (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:vrs:reoecp:v:19:y:2019:i:4:p:319-344:n:5

DOI: 10.2478/revecp-2019-0017

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