Applying the Health Belief Model in Explaining the Stages of Exercise Change in Older Adults

Sas-Nowosielski Krzysztof, Hadzik Andrzej, Górna Joanna and Grabara Małgorzata ()
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Sas-Nowosielski Krzysztof: Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Faculty of Physical Education, Department of Pedagogy and Psychology, Poland
Hadzik Andrzej: Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Faculty of Physical Education, Department of Tourism and Health-Related Physical Activity, Poland
Górna Joanna: Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Faculty of Pedagogy, Department of Career Counselling, Poland
Grabara Małgorzata: Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Faculty of Physical Education, Department of Tourism and Health-Related Physical Activity, 72a Mikołowska Street, 40-065 Katowice, Poland

Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism, 2016, vol. 23, issue 4, 221-225

Abstract: Introduction. The benefits of physical activity (PA) have been so well documented that there is no doubt about the significance of PA for personal and social health. Several theoretical models have been proposed with a view to understanding the phenomenon of PA and other health behaviours. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if and how the variables suggested in the Health Belief Model (HBM) determine physical activity stages of change in older adults. Material and methods. A total of 172 students of Universities of the Third Age aged 54 to 75 (mean = 62.89 ± 4.83) years agreed to participate in the study, filling out an anonymous survey measuring their stage of exercise change and determinants of health behaviours proposed by the HBM, including: perceived benefits of physical activity, perceived barriers to physical activity, perceived severity of diseases associated with sedentary lifestyle, perceived susceptibility to these diseases, and self-efficacy. Results. The results only partially support the hypothesis that the HBM predicts intentions and behaviours related to the physical activity of older adults. Only two variables were moderately-to-strongly related to stages of exercise change, namely perceived barriers and self-efficacy. Conclusion. Interventions aimed at informing older adults about the benefits of physical activity and the threats associated with sedentary lifestyle can be expected to have rather a weak influence on their readiness for physical activity.

Keywords: physical activity; health behaviours; barriers to physical activity; benefits of physical activity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2016
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:vrs:spotou:v:23:y:2016:i:4:p:221-225:n:7

DOI: 10.1515/pjst-2016-0029

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