COMPLEX CONTAGION IN SOCIAL SYSTEMS WITH DISTRUST

Jean-Franã‡ois de Kemmeter, Luca Gallo, Fabrizio Boncoraglio, Vito Latora and Timoteo Carletti
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Jean-Franã‡ois de Kemmeter: Department of Mathematics and naXys, Namur Institute for Complex Systems, University of Namur, Rue Grafé 2, B5000 Namur, Belgium†Department of Mathematics, Florida State University, 1017 Academic Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
Luca Gallo: ��Department of Network and Data Science, Central European University, Quellenstraße 51, 1100 Vienna, Austria
Fabrizio Boncoraglio: �Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico of Turin, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy¶Scuola Superiore di Catania, Via Valdisavoia 9, 95123 Catania, Italy
Vito Latora: ��School of Mathematical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK**Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy††INFN Sezione di Catania, Via S. Sofia, 64, 95125 Catania, Italy‡‡Complexity Science Hub Vienna, A-1080 Vienna, Austria
Timoteo Carletti: Department of Mathematics and naXys, Namur Institute for Complex Systems, University of Namur, Rue Grafé 2, B5000 Namur, Belgium

Advances in Complex Systems (ACS), 2024, vol. 27, issue 04n05, 1-29

Abstract: Social systems are characterized by the presence of group interactions and by the existence of both trust and distrust relations. Although there is a wide literature on signed social networks, where positive signs associated to the links indicate trust, friendship, agreement, while negative signs represent distrust, antagonism, and disagreement, very little is known about the effect that signed interactions can have on the spreading of social behaviors when, not only pairwise, but also higher-order interactions are taken into account. In this paper, we introduce a model of complex contagion on signed simplicial complexes, and we investigate the role played by trust and distrust on the dynamics of a social contagion process, where exposure to multiple sources is needed for the contagion to occur. The presence of higher-order signed structures in our model naturally induces new infection and recovery mechanisms, thus increasing the richness of the contagion dynamics. Through numerical simulations and analytical results in the mean-field approximation, we show how distrust determines the way the system moves from a state where no individuals adopt the social behavior, to a state where a finite fraction of the population actively spreads it. Interestingly, we observe that the fraction of spreading individuals displays a non-monotonic dependence with respect to the average number of connections between individuals. We then investigate how social balance affects social contagion, finding that balanced triads have an ambivalent impact on the spreading process, either promoting or impeding contagion based on the relative abundance of fully trusted relations. Our results shed light on the nontrivial effect of trust on the spreading of social behaviors in systems with group interactions, paving the way to further investigations of spreading phenomena in structured populations.

Keywords: Complex contagion; trust and distrust in social interactions; higher-order interactions; signed simplicial complexes; social balance theory (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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DOI: 10.1142/S0219525924400010

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