HOW DO HIGH, MEDIUM, AND LOW TECH FIRMS INNOVATE? A SYSTEM OF INNOVATION (SI) APPROACH

Ziad Rotaba () and Catherine Beaudry
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Ziad Rotaba: Department of Mathematics and Industrial Engineering, École Polytechnique de Montréal, 2900, boul. Édouard-Montpetit, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada

International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management (IJITM), 2012, vol. 09, issue 05, 1-23

Abstract: In the past decade, the innovation literature has mainly targeted high-tech (HT) sectors due to their higher return on investment and important role in building new societies and economies. While the HT sector is still of a leading importance, whether medium and low tech (LMT) sectors should be equivalently considered when analyzing long term economic growth, in both leading and catching up economies, is a fundamental question. This paper is our second milestone comparing HT and LMT sectors from an innovation perspective, using a National System of Innovation (NSI) approach. The general aim of this paper is to find the main principles that govern the difference between the two industrial segments (HT and LMT) while controlling for supranational boundaries. In order to measure the effect of NSI, countries are divided into two groups: leading and catching up economies. Our results suggest that, with respect to HT, leading economies can be considered as innovators, while catching up economies are the imitators. Furthermore, HT in leading economies relies on product modularity to outsource various components probably to firms in catching up economies. Catching ups are putting greater emphasis on universities to produce knowledge. In addition, firms in catching up economies benefit from high accessibility to funds in order to grow various industrial sectors, especially LMT. The role of institutions and governments with respect to regulatory policies, intellectual property protections are of high importance for firms in catching up economies, especially in LMT. As a result of those important steps, the various agents in catching up economies have achieved sustainable growth, notably in LMT. In contrast, the same growth is observed for HT for firms in leading economies. Our results suggest that catching up countries are strategizing for this sectoral evolution, renewal, and transformation process for both sectors, but with a stronger emphasis on LMT.

Keywords: Knowledge; systems of innovation; catching up; low and medium technology; high technology (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2012
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DOI: 10.1142/S0219877012500344

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