SEMICENTRALISED WATER SUPPLY AND TREATMENT: OPTIONS FOR THE DYNAMIC URBAN AREA OF HANOI, VIETNAM

Sophie Schramm ()
Additional contact information
Sophie Schramm: Institute IWAR, Spatial and Infrastructure Planning, Petersenstr. 13, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany

Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management (JEAPM), 2011, vol. 13, issue 02, 285-314

Abstract: Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam, is experiencing rapid urbanisation coupled with high economic growth rates. This situation is both a challenge and an opportunity for the upgrading of existing technical infrastructures. Regarding wastewater treatment, the situation in Hanoi today is characterised by a lack of wastewater treatment plants, processing only a small fraction of the accumulating wastewater. Prevalent means of sanitation are septic tanks installed under buildings for the collection of domestic wastewaters, with overflowing liquids draining into the groundwater in an uncontrolled manner. This decentralised means of sanitation is therefore currently not able to clean domestic wastewaters in an effective way. This paper explores circumstances under which a semi-centralised approach can offer a sustainable solution to cope with these challenges in Hanoi. The approach has been designed to meet the challenges of fast growing urban areas around the world.

Keywords: Urban infrastructure systems; wastewater planning; Hanoi; semicentralised (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2011
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S1464333211003882
Access to full text is restricted to subscribers

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:wsi:jeapmx:v:13:y:2011:i:02:n:s1464333211003882

Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from

DOI: 10.1142/S1464333211003882

Access Statistics for this article

Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management (JEAPM) is currently edited by Thomas Fischer

More articles in Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management (JEAPM) from World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Tai Tone Lim ().