Public and Private Information: Firm Disclosure, SEC Letters, and the JOBS Act

Sumit Agarwal (), Sudip Gupta () and Ryan Israelsen
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Sumit Agarwal: National University of Singapore, Singapore
Sudip Gupta: Carey Business School, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
Ryan Israelsen: Broad College of Business, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA

Quarterly Journal of Finance (QJF), 2022, vol. 12, issue 03, 1-42

Abstract: This paper examines the impact of the recently passed Jumpstart Our Business Startups (JOBS) Act on the behavior of market participants. Using the JOBS Act — which relaxed mandatory information disclosure requirements — as a natural experiment on firms’ choices of the mix of hard, accounting information and textual disclosures, we find that relative to a peer group of firms, initial public offering (IPO) firms reduce accounting disclosures and change textual disclosures. Because it allows a partial revelation of IPO quality, only textual disclosures affect underpricing. We also find that the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) changes its behavior post-JOBS Act in responding to draft registration statements. Specifically, the SEC’s comment letters to firms are more negative in tone, and more forceful in their recommendations, focusing on quantitative information. Finally, under the JOBS Act, investors place more emphasis on the information produced by the SEC when pricing the stock. Returns following public release of the letters vary by about 4% based on letter tone.

Keywords: Mandatory disclosure; voluntary disclosure; SEC; comment letters; information asymmetry; IPO; JOBS Act; underpricing; textual analysis; topic models; public information; private information; hard information; soft information (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1142/S2010139222500069

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