X-Ray Diffraction Study of the Phase Transition of the${\rm Si}(111)(\sqrt{3} \times \sqrt{3})\mbox{-Ag}$Surface

Toshio Takahashi (), Hiroo Tajiri, Kazushi Sumitani, Koichi Akimoto, Hiroshi Sugiyama, Xiaowei Zhang and Hiroshi Kawata
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Toshio Takahashi: Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
Hiroo Tajiri: Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
Kazushi Sumitani: Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
Koichi Akimoto: Department of Quantum Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
Hiroshi Sugiyama: Institute of Materials Structure Science, KEK, Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
Xiaowei Zhang: Institute of Materials Structure Science, KEK, Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
Hiroshi Kawata: Institute of Materials Structure Science, KEK, Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan

Surface Review and Letters (SRL), 2003, vol. 10, issue 02n03, 519-524

Abstract: The structure of the${\rm Si}(111)(\sqrt{3} \times \sqrt{3})\mbox{-Ag}$surface was studied at both room temperature and a low temperature of 50 K using grazing incidence X-ray diffraction. At low temperatures diffuse scattering was observed in addition to Bragg reflection. Least squares analyses for Bragg reflections using anisotropic Debye–Waller factors show that the structure at 50 K is consistent with an inequivalent triangle (IET) model, while the structure at room temperature is explained by a honeycomb-chained triangle (HCT) model with strong anisotropic Debye–Waller factors. From the temperature dependence of diffuse scattering, the phase transition temperatureTcand critical exponent β were determined to be about 150 K and 0.27. Some Bragg intensities showed discontinuous changes in their first derivatives atTc. The results favor a displacive phase transition rather than an order–disorder one.

Date: 2003
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DOI: 10.1142/S0218625X03005050

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