The impacts of Covid-19 on Estonian firms internationalization: foreign market entries, exits and re-entries

Tiia Vissak

Chapter 3 in Research Handbook on Foreign Exit, Relocation and Re-entry, 2022, pp 36-56 from Edward Elgar Publishing

Abstract: This chapter focuses on how Covid-19 affected Estonian firms' internationalization: which new foreign market entry and re-entry opportunities emerged, and why exits occurred. Based on eight cases from Estonia, of which four firms managed to cope with the Covid-19 situation successfully (two of them changed their way of doing business, two did not) and four experienced considerable failures (two continued without changing the ways of doing business much while two tried something completely new), it shows that the outcome did not only depend on what the firms did: the result also depended on how much their industry was affected by Covid-19. Most of the studied "successful" and "unsuccessful" firms experienced at least one foreign market exit and at least one foreign market re-entry. Moreover, most could be classified serial nonlinear internationalizers, while some have potential for experiencing (more) exits and re-entries in the future. Partially, Covid-19 affected firms' de- and re-internationalization, but the results showed that multiple foreign market exits and re-entries also occurred during the previous economic crisis and also during more stable times.

Keywords: Business and Management; Economics and Finance (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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