The impact of COVID-19 partial lockdown on traffic-related air pollution in a car-oriented island

Thérèse Bajada and Bernadine Satariano

Chapter 18 in Research Handbook on Transport and COVID-19, 2025, pp 362-396 from Edward Elgar Publishing

Abstract: This chapter utilises the COVID-19-related lockdown in Malta as a case study to illustrate the correlation between reduced fossil fuel-powered mobility and decreased pollution levels. It contends that similar reductions in pollution can be achieved through the implementation of appropriate policies. The research pursues three primary objectives: demonstrating the reduction of nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) levels during the lockdown, assessing public attitudes towards changing their mode of travel to mitigate pollution, and evaluating existing traffic-related air pollution policies and strategies. Data for this study were obtained through an online questionnaire, analysis of six policy documents, and examination of national average NO₂ concentration readings spanning from 2017 to 2020. Multivariate analysis techniques were employed, and open-ended questions underwent thematic analysis. The findings reveal a significant reduction in NO₂ levels during the lockdown period, alongside a heightened environmental awareness among participants. While participants expressed a general inclination towards environmental improvement, their attitudes also reflected ambivalence. The study revealed common objectives and measures aimed at reducing air pollution within the policy documents, yet implementation remains infrequent or protracted. In conclusion, the chapter proposes a series of recommendations aimed at sustaining efforts to reduce emissions both during the pandemic and in the post-pandemic period.

Keywords: Pandemic Lockdown; Air Pollution; Environmental Awareness; Alternative Modes; Attitudes (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
ISBN: 9781802208009
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