International students’ migration: policy impacts and implications for innovation

Ina Ganguli and Megan MacGarvie

Chapter 8 in A Research Agenda for Migration and Innovation, 2025, pp 129-150 from Edward Elgar Publishing

Abstract: This chapter examines the evolving trends and policy dynamics of international student migration, focusing on their implications for STEM workforce development and innovation. While the United States remains a leading destination for international students, recent years have seen a plateau or decline in incoming students, contrasted by growth in countries like Canada, Australia, and emerging hubs such as China and India. International students, particularly in STEM fields, play a critical role in shaping host countries’ innovation ecosystems, often transitioning to permanent residents and STEM workers. The chapter reviews immigration policies, including post-graduation work and residency pathways. Those of Canada and Australia have eased these transitions, while restrictive measures in the US and UK have posed challenges. By documenting these trends and policy shifts, the chapter identifies gaps in the literature and outlines directions for future research at the intersection of international education, migration, and innovation.

Keywords: International students; Immigration policy; STEM disciplines; Innovation; Host countries; Visa (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
ISBN: 9781035308460
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