CML 2002 method

Pamela Haverkamp

Chapter 15 in Elgar Encyclopedia of Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment, 2026, pp 47-49 from Edward Elgar Publishing

Abstract: CML 2002 is a method for life cycle impact assessment according to ISO 14040 and ISO 14044. The CML method was developed by the Centrum voor Milieukunde of Leiden University in 1992. The CML method provides a list of environmental impact categories and proposes models for the classification and characterization of substances to quantify the environmental impacts. This method has a problem-oriented approach driven by environmental problems and model the cause–effect chain earlier on (i.e. before the damage in comparison to endpoint), providing midpoint impact categories. The characterization factors of the CML 2002 method are valid globally, with the exceptions of a few impact categories. The most known impact categories in the CML method comprise Photochemical Oxidation, Acidification, Eutrophication, Abiotic Depletion, Global Warming Potential, Ozone layer Depletion, Human Toxicity, Freshwater Aquatic Ecotoxicity, Marine Aquatic Ecotoxicity, and Terrestrial Ecotoxicity.

Keywords: CML; Impact assessment; Midpoint indicators; Life cycle assessment; Environmental impacts (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
ISBN: 9781035309887
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