Wealth distribution subcategory

Bruna Pereira de Souza

Chapter 188 in Elgar Encyclopedia of Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment, 2026, pp 707-710 from Edward Elgar Publishing

Abstract: Wealth is a metric used to study economic inequalities related to people's ownership of assets in terms of monetary values within a community. Wealth, comprising financial and real assets minus liabilities, differs from household income, which includes labour earnings, property income, and transfers. Global wealth inequality surpasses income inequality, impacting sustainability, social justice, and development. The 2023 Global Wealth Report presented that 52.5% of adults held less than USD 10,000 in 2022, while those with USD 10,000-100,000, representing emerging economies, held 35% of global wealth. Those with USD 100,000–1 million held 39.4%, and the wealthiest 1.1% controlled 45.8%. Regionally, China's significant middle-level presence contrasts with India's and Africa's lower wealth levels. Wealth inequality's causes include individual economic conditions, national policies, and global technological and market changes. Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA) evaluates wealth distribution's fairness among value chains actors, aligning with the UN SDGs for poverty reduction, decent work, and reduced inequalities.

Keywords: Wealth distribution; Income; Inequalities; Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA); Gini Coefficient; Value chain actors (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
ISBN: 9781035309887
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