Cumulative energy demand

Saverio De Franceschi, Junzhang Wu, Alessandro Manzardo and Nils Pauliks

Chapter 33 in Elgar Encyclopedia of Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment, 2026, pp 110-113 from Edward Elgar Publishing

Abstract: Cumulative Energy Demand (CED) is a life cycle impact assessment indicator that represents the direct and indirect energy use throughout the life cycle of a product. As such, CED considers primary energy use, both renewable and non-renewable, and energy flows intended for both energy (direct) and for material (indirect) purposes. This indicator covers “energy resources/depletion of energy resources” area of concern. Usually, CED is reported providing the detailed results for the different sources, i.e., fossil, nuclear, hydro, biomass, solar, wind, and geothermal. It is also expressed in MJ-equivalents (MJ-eq). The main objective of employing a CED indicator remains consistent with its original intent, which centers around its designated protection area. Specifically, it aims to evaluate the total energy consumption throughout a product's lifecycle and identify the key phases within this lifecycle that account for the most substantial energy usage.

Keywords: Energy demand; Energy consumption; Renewable; Non-renewable; Life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
ISBN: 9781035309887
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