Environmental input–output model

Masaharu Motoshita and Maeno Keitaro

Chapter 66 in Elgar Encyclopedia of Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment, 2026, pp 245-246 from Edward Elgar Publishing

Abstract: The input–output table, pioneered by Wassily W. Leontief, serves as a foundational tool for analyzing economic transaction flows between sectors, enabling comprehensive supply chain analysis. Its application to environmental assessment allows tracing of environmental impacts throughout the supply chain, assisting in life cycle assessment and other impact analysis. Inter-regional input-output models further extend their utility to global supply chains. Despite its advantages, challenges exist, such as sectoral aggregation leading to uniform environmental impact intensity within sectors. This limitation necessitates careful consideration when interpreting assessment results. Efforts to address this include the subdivision of sectors, particularly for flows like waste treatment. While the input-output analysis offers high coverage, its accuracy is subject to uncertainty, highlighting the need for cautious utilization in environmental assessments.

Keywords: Input-output table; Environmental assessment; Supply chain analysis; Life cycle assessment; Sectoral aggregation; Environmental input-output analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
ISBN: 9781035309887
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