A critical assessment of the ever-expansive realm of party autonomy under Article 25 of Brussels I (recast)

Youseph Farah

Chapter 3 in Research Handbook on EU Private International Law, 2026, pp 62-80 from Edward Elgar Publishing

Abstract: This chapter critiques the Court of Justice's decision in Inkreal v Duha, which held that selecting a foreign court suffices to render a dispute “international” under Article 25 of the Brussels I Regulation Recast. I argue that this formalist reading empties party autonomy of substance: autonomy does not mean unfettered freedom to displace domestic rules in disputes otherwise wholly internal. By collapsing the international element into a mere forum choice, Duha overreaches EU competence and undermines Member State sovereignty. A substantive conception of internationality is required to preserve both party autonomy and constitutional balance within the Brussels I regime.

Keywords: Article 25 of Brussels I; Party Autonomy; Jurisdiction agreements; Inkreal v Duha (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
ISBN: 9781035318681
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