Tolls

Svein Bråthen and James Odeck

A chapter in Elgar Encyclopedia of Transport and Society, 2025, pp 392-393 from Edward Elgar Publishing

Abstract: Tolls are the charging of a price to transport users for using transport infrastructure. Tolls are levied for funding and not for internalising negative external effects. They are often used for replacing public funds, and the economic efficiency effects need attention. One is that tolls may cause a potential productivity loss in the local labour market, resulting from a contraction if regular commuting is crowded out by tolls. Equity effects are an important matter of interest. Higher toll rates affect different population segments unequally, but the equity effects have more to do with location than with specific income groups.

Keywords: Tolls; Road pricing; Economic efficiency; Equity; Transport infrastructure; Cost of funds (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
ISBN: 9781035330515
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