Energy transition in Eswatini

Nonophile Promise Nkambule and Ian B. Van Zuydam

Chapter 14 in Handbook on Energy Transitions in Africa, 2026, pp 232-250 from Edward Elgar Publishing

Abstract: Globally fossil-fuel sources meet a large percentage of our energy demands. These sources of energy are not without challenges, among which are supply security and global climate change. As countries try to mitigate these challenges, renewables are increasingly becoming an important energy source. Although Eswatini is well-endowed with renewable and conventional energy resources that can meet all of its national energy demand and has one of the highest rates of electrification in Africa, only 40 percent of its electricity is generated nationally, and 100 percent of its petroleum products are imported. This puts the country into a vulnerable position of energy insecurity and dependence on unclean electricity through imports. This chapter provides an overview of energy transition, related policies and the way forward for Eswatini. A comprehensive review of the Eswatini energy situation is thus conducted stressing energy policies, energy supply and demand, and energy transition opportunities, challenges and drivers.

Keywords: Eswatini; Energy Transition; Energy Policy; Renewable Energy; Biomass; Hydropower (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
ISBN: 9781035332236
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