Assessing current diversification interventions

Sam Mulopulos ()

Chapter 6 in Achieving Supply Chain Resilience, 2025, pp 127-144 from Edward Elgar Publishing

Abstract: This chapter discusses the various diversification interventions that market economies have adopted or pursued to build supply chain resilience since the COVID-19 pandemic. It discusses three categories of diversification interventions: traditional trade agreements, alternative trade agreements, and non-trade agreements. Traditional trade agreements are comprehensive, trade-liberalizing policies. Although they increase the flow of trade, they can create vulnerabilities by undermining a country's domestic industrial production. As a result, alternative trade agreements and non-trade agreements have become popular. Alternative trade agreements still set rules for international trade—but without the same amount of trade liberalization. Non-trade agreements can come in many forms, including unilateral diversification whereby a country lowers its own tariffs to increase access to diversified imports. This chapter concludes with an assessment of these recent policies and lays out lessons policymakers can learn when designing future diversification interventions.

Keywords: Trade agreement; Tariffs; Indo-Pacific Economic Framework; Trans-Pacific Partnership; Mineral Security Partnership; Exports (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
ISBN: 9781035349500
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