Conclusion: reflections on India's high-technology manufacturing and policy pathways

Sunil Mani

Chapter 7 in India’s High-Tech Leap, Industrial Policy and Future of Innovation, 2026, pp 202-215 from Edward Elgar Publishing

Abstract: India's high-technology manufacturing journey highlights the critical role of industrial policy in shaping an emerging market economy. Through initiatives like Make in India and Atmanirbhar Bharat, India has made significant strides in sectors such as pharmaceuticals, software, renewable energy, and electric vehicles, driven by state support, innovation ecosystems, and public–private collaboration. However, challenges like administrative fragmentation, reliance on imports, and geopolitical vulnerabilities persist. Lessons from Northeast Asia underscore the need for coordinated policies, local content mandates, and performance-linked incentives to enhance competitiveness. Geopolitical conflicts further necessitate strategies for supply chain resilience and self-reliance, particularly in sectors like semiconductors and critical minerals. Moving forward, India must balance domestic priorities with global integration, invest in human capital, and adopt adaptive policies to sustain its high-tech growth. By refining governance and leveraging strategic partnerships, India can solidify its position as a global leader in high-tech manufacturing.

Keywords: Semiconductor Policy; Industrial Upgrading; Supply Chain Resilience; Public–Private Partnerships; Strategic Autonomy; Innovation Ecosystems (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
ISBN: 9781035382309
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