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Design choices for blockchain settlement

Annelieke A.M. Mooij

Chapter 12 in Designing the Digital Euro, 2026, pp 164-185 from Edward Elgar Publishing

Abstract: This chapter examines blockchain-based digital euro design across micro-, meso-, and macro-levels. At the micro-level, it assesses public vs private blockchains, token design, and smart contracts, favoring a permissioned blockchain for privacy and security. While token design raises legal questions under article 128 TFEU, blockchain aligns with the legal framework's intent. Smart contracts pose holding limit challenges, which can be mitigated by excluding some contracts and applying safeguards. At the meso-level, a Proof-of-Authority consensus with Byzantine Fault Tolerance balances efficiency and security. The macro-level focuses on accountability, interoperability, and wallet design, stressing governance to protect stability and ensure user accessibility.

Keywords: Digital Euro; CBDC; ECB; Design; Offline Settlement; Blockchaining (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
ISBN: 9781035390632
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