KPIs in Quality 4.0: the key to measuring the impact of digitisation

Joanna Rosak-Szyrocka and Radoslaw Wolniak

Chapter 8 in Quality 4.0 and Artificial Intelligence, 2026, pp 135-150 from Edward Elgar Publishing

Abstract: This chapter discusses the most critical Quality 4.0 performance indicators—KPIs—their shift from historically recordable defect rates, bad quality cost, and timeliness-based measures to new ESG and digital versions, better suited to the Industry 4.0 and 5.0 paradigms. It highlights how IoT, big data analytics, AI, and visualisation technology enable digital KPIs of predictive, prescriptive, and customer-centric quality management through matching real-time operating data with sustainability and stakeholder-focused objectives. Through critical analysis of the previous traditional KPIs and the cyber world, the chapter depicts their use in closing performance gaps in operations and strategic planning, learning organisation, and Smart Factory responsiveness and, in doing so, redefines quality as being not only compliance with standards but also a driver of sustainability, an agent of transparency and a source of competitiveness.

Keywords: Quality 4.0; Industry 4.0; Industry 5.0; ESG metrics; Key performance indicators; Statistical quality control; Big data; Internet of things; KPIs; IoT (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
ISBN: 9781035397068
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