Promoting Cyber Security for Distributed Energy Systems (DES) and Smart Grids in ASEAN

Asia Zero Emission Center Eria and Nomura Research Institute Singapore

No 2025-RPR-39 in Books from Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA)

Abstract: This study examined the rapid expansion of distributed‑energy systems and smart grids in ASEAN and assessed the cybersecurity risks created by greater decentralisation and digitalisation of energy infrastructure. By reviewing policy frameworks and infrastructure development, it evaluated differences in ERAB and DES/DER readiness among ASEAN countries and identified structural and institutional barriers. It also analysed cyber‑security measures and standards for distributed energy resources, incident experiences, and international standards, drawing on practices from other nations, including Japan’s experience with ERAB business development with cyber security guideline based on Cyber Physical Security Framework. Based on the findings, the study proposes an ASEAN‑wide Basic Concept of Cybersecurity for distributed energy systems, stronger regional cooperation and knowledge‑sharing, systematic capacity‑building for policymakers and energy stakeholders, and mechanisms to incentivise cybersecurity investment. It further recommends explicitly embedding cybersecurity in national energy policies, adapted to local contexts. These steps provide a practical roadmap to accelerate ASEAN’s decarbonisation.

Date: 2025
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