Determinants of Fertility Intentions and Outcomes in Low-fertility Areas of Viet Nam

Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences, Institute of Sociology and Study Team Eria

No 2025-RPR-9 in Books from Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA)

Abstract: A recent survey conducted in four cities and provinces with low fertility rates in Viet Nam found that most young couples aspire to have at least two children. However, several challenges hinder the realisation of this goal. The primary obstacles cited include unstable employment conditions, insufficient income, and limited access to affordable childcare services. Additionally, infertility was identified as a significant factor preventing many couples from achieving their desired family size. In the current context – where the costs and barriers associated with childbearing and child-rearing continue to rise – children are still viewed as highly valuable, and the preference for having two children remains widespread. These findings suggest that timely and targeted policy interventions, particularly those focused on improving social security and welfare support, could have a meaningful impact. Even modest measures may encourage childbearing and help address declining fertility trends in Viet Nam.

Date: 2025
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