Perspective Chapter: Rapid Measurement of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) in Petroleum Hydrocarbons Polluted Soils by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy

Reward Kokah Douglas

A chapter in Heavy Metals - Recent Advances from IntechOpen

Abstract: Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) contamination in soils threats human wellbeing and ecological health because of their toxicity and bioaccumulation. This research presents a portable Olympus Delta Premium 6000 Series XRF Analyser (Olympus, USA) as a rapid measurement tool (RMT) for PTEs: Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, and Zn in contaminated soils in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. A total of 45 crude oil-contaminated soils were collected from three genuinely oil spill sites. The range of measured PTEs concentrations (mg/kg) in the study sites are as follows: Site 1: chromium (Cr) 54-75, copper (Cu) 5.4-16.6, iron (Fe) 14,841-23,404, lead (Pb) 13.5-21.4, manganese (Mn) 158-555, and zinc (Zn) 32.6-47.2; Site 2: (35-66), (5-16.1), (10166-20,967), (12-17.8), (209-440), (17.6-33.6); and Site 3: (32-115), (6.5-20.8), (7538-22,800), (12-135), (98-338), (19.9-177). The trend of PTEs across the three sites follows the same order: Fe > Mn > Cr > Zn > Pb > Cu. The average concentration values of PTEs in all the 3 sites were higher than background concentration values. Thus, crude oil spill spiked the PTEs concentrations. XRF spectroscopy is recommended as a cost-effective and RMT for PTEs in soils.

Keywords: soil; crude oil; pollution; elements; X-ray fluorescence (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q55 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:ito:pchaps:295470

DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.108959

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