Drivers of Internationalization in Emerging Economies: Comparing Petrobras and PDVSA

Andrea Goldstein and César Baena

Chapter 10 in Impacts of Emerging Economies and Firms on International Business, 2012, pp 189-206 from Palgrave Macmillan

Abstract: Abstract Corporate multinationalization—once the privilege of firms from developed economies—is now becoming a diffuse phenomenon in emerging economies, including Latin America (UNCTAD, 2007; Goldstein, 2007). Although unprecedented in size and relevance, the current wave of internationalization from developing countries is the third to take place. Already in the 1970s and 1980s, a number of third world countries emerged from their economic status as sources of raw materials or as sweatshops, in which low-wage, low-skilled workers produced goods for the richer nations. They were themselves manufacturing and consuming high-quality, high-technology products and establishing foreign subsidiaries, most often in other developing countries (Wells, 1983).

Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility; Foreign Direct Investment; British Petroleum; American Petroleum Institute; China National Petroleum Corporation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2012
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:pal:palchp:978-1-137-03254-6_10

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DOI: 10.1057/9781137032546_10

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