Tariff Protection in Industrial Markets

Alexander J. Yeats
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Alexander J. Yeats: Institute for International Economic Studies

Chapter 4 in Trade Barriers Facing Developing Countries, 1979, pp 64-103 from Palgrave Macmillan

Abstract: Abstract While developing country exports frequently face a variety of trade barriers in industrial markets, the type of restraint most often encountered is the import tariff. Stated simply, a tariff is little more than a tax or duty levied on a commodity when it crosses a national frontier. However, when discussing the effects of tariffs a distinction should be made between three different types: the ad valorem, specific, or compound tariff. An ad valorem duty is stated as a fixed percentage of the import’s value, as when foreign shirts are taxed at a rate of 20 per cent of product price, while a specific tariff is quoted as a fixed sum of money per unit of the commodity, i.e., a $2 charge for each shirt. While most industrial countries rely on a mixture of both specific and ad valorem tariffs some, like Switzerland, exclusively apply the former.1 Finally, some countries also use compound tariffs which apply joint specific and ad valorem duties (say 10 per cent of product value plus a fixed charge of $1) to imports.

Keywords: Trade Barrier; Tariff Rate; European Economic Community; Industrial Market; Tariff Protection (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 1979
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DOI: 10.1007/978-1-349-04225-8_4

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