The Balance-of-Payments Equilibrium Growth Rate

Anthony Thirlwall and Heather Gibson

Chapter 12 in Balance-of-Payments Theory and the United Kingdom Experience, 1992, pp 323-336 from Palgrave Macmillan

Abstract: Abstract In the long run a country cannot grow faster than the rate of growth of output consistent with balance-of-payments equilibrium on current account.1 We call this growth rate the balance-of-payments equilibrium growth rate (y B ). In this chapter the import and export functions specified in Chapters 10 and 11 are used to determine the balance-of-payments equilibrium growth rate and to highlight its major determinants. An attempt is then made to estimate the balance-of-payments equilibrium growth rate for a variety of countries, including the United Kingdom, using some simplifying, though not unrealistic, assumptions. It is shown how closely the actual growth experience of several advanced industrial countries approximates to the rate of growth of export volume divided by the income elasticity of demand for imports (i.e. x/π), which defines a country’s balance-of-payments equilibrium growth rate on the assumption that relative prices in international trade are sticky. The findings of this chapter underline the importance of raising the rate of growth of exports to improve the balance of payments permanently, and lend support to export-led growth models (which are considered in the next chapter).

Keywords: Exchange Rate; Relative Price; Export Volume; Common Currency; Domestic Price (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 1992
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Chapter: The Balance-of-Payments Equilibrium Growth Rate (1986)
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DOI: 10.1007/978-1-349-21806-6_12

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