Repairing Heaven?

Lawrence Sáez

Chapter Chapter 7 in Banking Reform in India and China, 2004, pp 117-122 from Palgrave Macmillan

Abstract: Abstract The state has traditionally held a critical role in the governance of economic relations in India and China. In China, the organisms of the state were referred to as tian (heaven). Despite the central role of the state in governance, challenges to its effectiveness have been dramatic. One of the pivotal episodes in twentieth-century Chinese history was the presentation of Japan’s 21 demands to China in 1915. President Yuan Shihkai dissolved the first parliament of the Republic in 1914 and annulled the Constitution of 1912. He later issued an order for the whole country to worship heaven and Confucius. The demands served as the backdrop for the Japanese occupation of Manchuria.

Keywords: Foreign Direct Investment; Corporate Governance; Banking System; Banking Sector; Nonperforming Loan (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2004
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:pal:palchp:978-1-4039-8125-7_7

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DOI: 10.1057/9781403981257_7

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