Short Notes on Theories of Species Diversity

Atsushi Yamauchi (), Kei Tokita (), Toshiyuki Namba () and Tae-Soo Chon ()
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Atsushi Yamauchi: Kyoto University
Kei Tokita: Nagoya University
Toshiyuki Namba: Osaka Prefecture University
Tae-Soo Chon: Ecology and Future Research Association (EnFRA)

Chapter Chapter 3 in Creative Complex Systems, 2021, pp 33-53 from Springer

Abstract: Abstract In the 1970s, a theoretical ecologist deduced that a biological communityCommunity tends to be unstable with increasing numbers of species and interactions. Because many species coexist and have complex interactions in natural communitiesCommunity, ecologists have investigated the characteristics and underlying mechanisms of species diversityDiversity. In this chapter, we review theoretical studies that investigate mechanisms of coexistence in complex biological networks. A variety of hypotheses have been proposed to explain the mechanism of species diversityDiversity, each of which is focused on specific processes of species interactionsSpecies interaction and/or communityCommunity dynamics. We categorize these theoretical models, describing types of focal mechanisms as either “fitnessFitness dependence” or “fitnessFitness independence.” Despite the diverse hypotheses, no key factor of species diversityDiversity has been clarified, mainly due to difficulties in testing the hypotheses. We conclude that more interdisciplinary and integrative studies are needed to understand species diversityDiversity in depth.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-4457-3_3

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