The Concept of Sustainability

Ulrich Wilke
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Ulrich Wilke: Reutlingen University, Dissertation University of Hohenheim, D100

Chapter 2 in Towards Sustainable Innovations, 2026, pp 9-28 from Springer

Abstract: Abstract Wilke explores the evolution and multidimensional nature of sustainability, tracing its roots from Malthusian concerns to the Brundtland Report’s seminal definition of meeting present needs without compromising future generations. Wilke examines sustainability as a normative concept with three interdependent pillars—economic, environmental, and social—each fraught with tensions and trade-offs. Economic sustainability addresses wealth distribution and growth; environmental sustainability focuses on planetary boundaries and ecosystem resilience; social sustainability encompasses equity, justice, and well-being. The chapter highlights the interdependencies and conflicts between these dimensions, such as the clash between economic growth and ecological limits, and emphasizes the need for integrated, systemic approaches. Wilke concludes by framing sustainability as a wicked problem, requiring transformative changes in socio-technical paradigms and broad public support to overcome vested interests and political resistance.

Date: 2026
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DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-31024-8_2

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