Determinants of Reverse Logistics in the Era of the Challenges of a Circular Economy

Maciej Bielecki ()
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Maciej Bielecki: University of Lodz, Department of Logistics and Innovation

A chapter in Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Logistics (ICIL) 2025, 2026, pp 78-85 from Springer

Abstract: Abstract The Linear Economy model (take-use-dispose) has shaped forward logistics operations for years. The result of these activities is a diminishing amount of natural resources and progressive environmental degradation. The idea of a Circular Economy, which is the opposite of a linear economy, is to make greater use of products throughout their life cycle, thus eliminating previous waste. This concept changes the center of gravity of modern logistics by implementing the 3R practices (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) from the 4R to the 10R practices (3R + Refuse, Rethink, Repair, Refurbish, Remanufacture, Repurpose, Recover), emphasizing its transition towards Reverse Logistics. The article presents a systematic mapping study on the conditions for the functioning of Reverse Logistics in the context of implementing the Circular Economy practices. The research results identified 103 different Circular Economy practices and 263 articles analyzed. Recycling remains the dominant strategy of the 10 classic strategies most frequently considered and appears in over 58% of publications. A comprehensive discussion of all 3Rs in the context of Reverse Logistics was addressed in just over 2.2% of all articles analyzed. In this way, a research gap was identified regarding the definition of a comprehensive approach to reverse logistics in circular economy practices.

Keywords: Reverse Logistics; Circular Economy; Circular Economy Practices; Closed-loop Supply Chain; Circular Supply Chain (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
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DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-14489-8_8

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