Appendix

David G. Costa
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David G. Costa: University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Department of Mathematical Sciences

Chapter 12 in An Invitation to Variational Methods in Differential Equations, 2007, pp 125-129 from Springer

Abstract: Abstract In this appendix we present a beautiful result, due to I. Ekeland, that gives the most information one can get from a lowersemicontinuous function ϕ: M → ℝ ∪ {+∞} which is bounded from below on a complete metric space. It is his celebrated variational principle [37], which has far reaching applications in various areas of analysis and, among other things, explains the significance of the Palais-Smale condition.

Date: 2007
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DOI: 10.1007/978-0-8176-4536-6_12

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