Muhammad II Khwarazmshah Meets Chinggis Khan: A Tale of Hubris and Failed Leadership in the Thirteenth Century

Timothy May ()
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Timothy May: University of North Georgia

A chapter in Historians on Leadership and Strategy, 2020, pp 215-232 from Springer

Abstract: Abstract In the thirteenth century, four powers collided in Central Asia with the territories of the modern states of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Afghanistan as their prize. One of them, the Mongol Empire, became the largest contiguous empire in history. The second, the Islamic Khwarazmian Empire, has been forgotten by history. The third was the empire of Qara Khitai while the final player was the Naiman, a tribal group that had been a rival to the Mongols. Why one survived and is remembered and the others did not is largely due to the leadership decisions of their respective leaders. Many of these decisions were prompted by the actions of one Muhammad II, the Sultan of the Khwarazmian Empire, located in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, and Iran. Poor decisions dictated these leaders’ fates, but these decisions, at the time, seemed like logical choices and can only be understood in the context in which they were made.

Keywords: Chinggis Khan; Mongol Empire; Naiman; Qara Khitai; Khwarazm; Hubris; Decision-making (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:spr:sprchp:978-3-030-26090-3_12

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DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-26090-3_12

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