Estonia: Shaping Freedom

Roger D. Norton ()
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Roger D. Norton: Texas A&M University

Chapter Chapter 2 in Structural Inequality, 2022, pp 35-68 from Springer

Abstract: Abstract This is the story of a country coming out of Soviet centrally planning and creating a market economy from scratch. It relates the errors made and the omissions, including giving rise to sharp inequality in the form of a huge gap between rural and urban incomes, and the solutions devised and implemented. It brings Estonia’s story up-to-date with its successes and a contemporary challenge. The context is to work on a national strategy for rural areas. Task forces of Estonian academics and government experts were organized. The first question was, why was farming collapsing while the rest of the economy boomed? It was discovered the main cause was a pillar of Estonia’s new macro policy.

Keywords: Access to water; Ta’izz; Ibb; Aquifer; Water wells; Liberalizing trade; Freeing prices; Extreme capitalism; Rural–urban inequality; Fixed exchange rate; Macroeconomic policy consequences; Rural poverty; Agricultural strategy; Nordic winter; Swedish investment; Baltic Sea; Tallinn; Tartu; Russian minority; Cyberattack in Estonia; Swedes in Finland; Dismantling collective farms; Idle farmland; Agricultural land distribution; Household plots; Structural inequality; Abandoned land; Estonian music; Singing Revolution; Estonian Independence; General Dudayev; Environmental heritage; Gene banks; Pollution permits; Water management; Drainage canals; Indigenous livestock species; Sanitary standards; Estonian Agricultural University; Socialist economy; Market forces; Suur Muna Mägi; Community forests; Alcoholism; Rural social policy; Social protection net; Vocational training; Baltic Express; Strategy coordination; Musicians; Artists in market economy; Land tenure; Land titling; Household plots; Farmland auctions; Farm prices; Exchange rate policy; Direct farmer support; Collective farms; Macroeconomic policy; Estonian agricultural strategy; Parliament; Rural legislation; Percentage in poverty; Gini coefficient; Types of market economy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:spr:sprchp:978-3-031-08633-5_2

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DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-08633-5_2

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