Hydrogen Storage Technologies

Aliaksei Patonia () and Rahmatallah Poudineh ()
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Aliaksei Patonia: The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies
Rahmatallah Poudineh: The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies

Chapter Chapter 5 in Clean Hydrogen for Decarbonisation, 2026, pp 87-107 from Springer

Abstract: Abstract This chapter analyses the role of hydrogen storage in enabling a resilient and efficient hydrogen economy. It assesses a range of storage technologies, including compressed gas, liquid carriers, and underground geological formations, concluding that a diverse portfolio is essential to meet various system needs. While compressed gas is suitable for short-duration applications, underground storage in salt caverns and depleted reservoirs is the only viable option for seasonal, TWh-scale balancing. The economic viability of these technologies is primarily driven by the cost of electricity for energy-intensive processes and the capital costs of materials and civil works. Given the high capital costs and market uncertainties, the analysis of the United Kingdom’s business model demonstrates that a revenue stabilization mechanism is necessary to de-risk early-stage projects and attract investment. Ultimately, successful deployment requires a holistic, system-wide approach that strategically coordinates storage with production, transport, and end-use demand.

Keywords: Hydrogen storage; Underground hydrogen storage (UHS); Salt caverns; Depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs; Deep saline aquifers; Levelised cost of storage (LCOS); Seasonal balancing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:spr:sprchp:978-3-032-19442-8_5

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DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-19442-8_5

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