Empirical Data for Pedestrian Flow Through Bottlenecks

Armin Seyfried (), Bernhard Steffen, Andreas Winkens, Tobias Rupprecht, Maik Boltes and Wolfram Klingsch
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Armin Seyfried: Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Jülich Supercomputing Centre
Bernhard Steffen: Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Jülich Supercomputing Centre
Andreas Winkens: University of Wuppertal, Institute for Building Material Technology and Fire Safety Science
Tobias Rupprecht: University of Wuppertal, Institute for Building Material Technology and Fire Safety Science
Maik Boltes: Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Jülich Supercomputing Centre
Wolfram Klingsch: University of Wuppertal, Institute for Building Material Technology and Fire Safety Science

A chapter in Traffic and Granular Flow ’07, 2009, pp 189-199 from Springer

Abstract: Summary The number of models for pedestrian dynamics has grown in the past years, but the experimental data to discriminate between these models is still to a large extent uncertain and contradictory. To enhance the data base and to resolve some discrepancies discussed in the literature over one hundred years we studied the pedestrian flow through bottlenecks by an experiment performed under laboratory conditions. The time development of quantities like individual velocities, densities, individual time gaps in bottlenecks of different width and the jam density in front of the bottleneck is presented. The comparison of the results with experimental data of other authors supports a continuous increase of the capacity with the bottleneck width. The most interesting results of this data collection is that maximal flow values measured at bottlenecks can exceed the maxima of empirical fundamental diagrams significantly. Thus either our knowledge about empirical fundamental diagrams is incomplete or the common assumptions regarding the connection between the fundamental diagram and the flow through bottlenecks need a thorough revision.

Date: 2009
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DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-77074-9_17

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