Computational Modelling of the Respiratory System for Improvement of Mechanical Ventilation Strategies

Andrew Comerford (), Sophie Rausch (), Lena Wiechert (), Michael W. Gee () and Wolfgang A. Wall ()
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Andrew Comerford: Technische Universität München, Institute for Computational Mechanics
Sophie Rausch: Technische Universität München, Institute for Computational Mechanics
Lena Wiechert: Technische Universität München, Institute for Computational Mechanics
Michael W. Gee: Technische Universität München, Institute for Computational Mechanics
Wolfgang A. Wall: Technische Universität München, Institute for Computational Mechanics

A chapter in High Performance Computing in Science and Engineering, Garching/Munich 2009, 2010, pp 267-277 from Springer

Abstract: Abstract This paper is concerned with a brief outline of our computational models of the respiratory system against the background of acute lung diseases and mechanical ventilation. We divide the lung into two major subsystems, namely the conducting airways and the respiratory zone represented by lung parenchyma. Due to their respective complexity, both parts are themselves out of range for a direct numerical simulation resolving all relevant length scales. Therefore, we develop detailed individual models for parts of the subsystems as a basis for novel multi-scale approaches taking into account the unresolved parts appropriately. In the tracheo-bronchial region, CT-based geometries up to a maximum of approximately seven generations are employed in fluid-structure interaction simulations, considering not only airway wall deformability but also the influence of surrounding lung tissue. Physiological outflow boundary conditions are derived by considering the impedance of the unresolved parts of the lung in a fully coupled 3D-1D approach. In the respiratory zone, an ensemble of alveoli representing a single ventilatory unit is modeled considering not only soft tissue behavior but also the influence of the covering surfactant film. Novel nested multi-scale procedures are then employed to simulate the dynamic behavior of lung parenchyma as a whole and local alveolar ensembles simultaneously without resolving the alveolar micro-structure completely.

Keywords: Direct Numerical Simulation; Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Lung Parenchyma; Lung Slice; Enhanced Assumed Strain (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2010
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:spr:sprchp:978-3-642-13872-0_23

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DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-13872-0_23

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