Peru

Masayuki Eguchi

Chapter Chapter 12 in Introduction to Quality Growth, 2026, pp 367-383 from Springer

Abstract: Abstract Peru is a geographically diverse country rich in mineral and fishery resources. Since transitioning to civilian rule in 1975 and overcoming the 1980s debt crisis, Peru has maintained strong economic growth, supported by consistent poverty reduction programs starting with the Fujimori administration. These efforts have led to the lowest inequality levels among Pacific Alliance countries, though regional disparities and a large informal sector persist. Economic resilience improved through fiscal reforms, debt reduction, and the creation of stabilization mechanisms. These measures helped Peru weather global crises and commodity price declines. Financial system stability was further enhanced by de-dollarization. Despite limited structural changes since 1975, commodities remain the backbone of the economy and exports, showing resilience to international price fluctuations. Productivity has improved modestly, but challenges remain in infrastructure, formalizing the informal sector, and investing in R&D and human capital. Peru’s growth reflects three key aspects of quality growth: (1) poverty reduction amid resource-driven growth, with ongoing regional disparities; (2) strengthened macroeconomic resilience through fiscal reforms; and (3) the need for informal sector reforms to ensure sustainable and inclusive growth. Future priorities include disaster preparedness for events like El Niño and earthquakes.

Keywords: Peru; Regional disparities; Fiscal reform; Informal sector; Productivity improvement; Disaster preparedness (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:spr:sprchp:978-981-95-6220-6_12

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DOI: 10.1007/978-981-95-6220-6_12

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