Green Nanotechnology Innovations for Achieving India's Sustainable Development Goals by 2030

Monu Bhardwaj, Namrata Prakash and Rupa Khanna Mahlotra ()
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Monu Bhardwaj: Era Hill University Dehradun
Namrata Prakash: Era Hill University Dehradun
Rupa Khanna Mahlotra: School of Commerce Graphic Era Deemed to Be University Dehradun

A chapter in Sustainable Economy Models in the Age of Industry 5.0, 2025, pp 179-197 from Springer

Abstract: Abstract India’s ambitious Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for 2030 require a convergence of science, technology, and policy. This research explores the transformative role of green nanotechnology in addressing critical challenges related to clean energy, sustainable agriculture, water purification, environmental remediation, and healthcare. By integrating green synthesis methods, eco-friendly nanomaterials, and innovative applications, this study evaluates how nanotechnology can accelerate progress across multiple SDGs. Key findings include the development of bio-inspired nanoparticles for efficient water treatment, capable of removing up to 98% of heavy metals and organic contaminants; nano-enabled fertilizers and pesticides that enhance agricultural yields by 30% while minimizing environmental toxicity; advanced photovoltaic nanomaterials that increase solar energy efficiency by 20% with minimal carbon footprints; and cost-effective nanomedicines that improve the reach and affordability of healthcare in rural regions. The study identifies critical enablers such as public–private partnerships, targeted funding, and capacity-building initiatives to scale these technologies. Green nanotechnology innovations have the potential to significantly contribute to India’s SDGs, particularly in clean water and sanitation (SDG 6), affordable and clean energy (SDG 7), sustainable cities and communities (SDG 11), and climate action (SDG 13), offering eco-efficient solutions, creating green jobs, and reducing dependency on non-renewable resources. However, challenges include high initial development costs, limited technical expertise and infrastructure in rural areas, ecological risks associated with nanomaterial accumulation, and difficulties in scaling laboratory innovations to industrial applications. This research provides a roadmap for leveraging green nanotechnology to achieve India’s SDG targets by 2030, underlining the need for interdisciplinary approaches and sustainable innovation.

Keywords: Green nanotechnology; Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs); Climate action; Circular economy; India 2030 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1007/978-981-96-4104-8_11

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