Impact of Changes to the USO

Christian Strobel (), George Houpis () and Hamish Forsyth ()
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Christian Strobel: Frontier Economics
George Houpis: Frontier Economics
Hamish Forsyth: Frontier Economics

A chapter in Postal Strategies in a Digital and Green Transition, 2026, pp 35-46 from Springer

Abstract: Abstract As a result of ongoing digitalisation, Universal Service Providers (USP) across Europe have experienced significant declines in letter mail volumes and significant growth in parcel mail driven by the growth of e-commerce. As we have previously shown, the decline in letter volumes can result in USPs’ economic sustainability being increasingly reliant on growing volumes in competitive parcel markets. In 2023, we explored a range of policy options that could be considered to maintain a USO.

Date: 2026
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DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-00502-1_3

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