Unitized Versus Hand Loading of Van Containers for Exporting Florida Grapefruit

William R. Miller, Lawrence A. Risse, Ben M. Hillebrand, Thomas Moffitt and William R. Black

No 313807, Marketing Research Reports from United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service, Transportation and Marketing Program

Abstract: Boxed grapefruit were shipped in refrigerated van containers from Florida to the Netherlands to determine if unitized slipsheet loads would be as stable and maintain grapefruit temperature and condition as well as three conventional hand-stacked loading patterns. In general, the slipsheet loads were as good as the seven-by-six airflow and modified seven-by-six airflow loads. In these loads, it took about the same time to reduce grapefruit temperature at loading to the desired transit temperature, and grapefruit temperature was maintained as desired during shipment. The slipsheet loads were the most stable and had the least box damage, the modified seven-by-six airflow loads ranked second, the seven-by-six airflow loads ranked third, and the six-by-four modified bonded blocks were unsatisfactory. In all loading patterns, damage to the fiberboard boxes was greatest in the rear of the van containers and in the bottom layers. At unloading, there was no significant difference in grapefruit condition among loading patterns.

Keywords: Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 18
Date: 1977-05
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:ags:uamsmr:313807

DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.313807

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