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AI and the global economy: implications for central banks

Iñaki Aldasoro, Leonardo Gambacorta, Enisse Kharroubi and Matthias Rottner

No 130, BIS Bulletins from Bank for International Settlements

Abstract: The AI boom is driving a large, increasingly debt-financed investment surge and boosting trade and equity markets, generating sizeable terms-of-trade and wealth effects that differ across countries. The productivity payoff from AI, though potentially large, remains uncertain and uneven, across both sectors and countries. By simultaneously affecting demand and supply, AI blurs cyclical signals, complicating central banks' assessment of underlying economic conditions and monetary policy calibration.

Pages: 8 pages
Date: 2026-07-28
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