Staying afloat: the impact of flooding on UK firms

Benjamin Crampton, Rupert-Hu Gilman and Rebecca Mari
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Benjamin Crampton: Bank of England
Rupert-Hu Gilman: Bank of England
Rebecca Mari: Bank of England

No 1187, Bank of England Staff Working Paper series from Bank of England

Abstract: This paper examines the exposure of UK firms to flood risk and the impact that past floods have had on corporate outcomes. Through the use of a novel data set that combines highly granular business premise information with flood maps and financial records, we first identify the specific regions, sectors and characteristics of firms where flood risk is most concentrated. Firm-level exposure is significantly influenced by sorting dynamics, with larger premises being more at risk. Second, we demonstrate that flood impacts are highly damaging to firms: they significantly increase the likelihood of business termination for small and medium-sized firms; for surviving firms, there are large negative impacts to revenue, employment, and total assets, with large firms and those in natural resource-related sectors being most affected.

Keywords: Floods; climate change; physical risk (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: E23 Q54 R12 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 40
Date: 2026-06-05
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:boe:boeewp:023309

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