A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LIVING CONDITIONS IN SLUMS OF THREE METRO CITIES IN INDIA

Sugata Bag, Suman Seth and Anish Gupta
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Sugata Bag, Suman Seth and Anish Gupta: Centre for Development Economics, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, India
Authors registered in the RePEc Author Service: Anish Gupta, Suman Seth () and Sugata Bag ()

No 253, Working papers from Centre for Development Economics, Delhi School of Economics

Abstract: Urban population in India has been rising rapidly as millions of migrants are moving to urban areas aspiring for higher earning and better living. The number of urban poor is also growing and a significant number of these poor find spaces in slums and continue to struggle for better living standards. Improving their conditions call for significant efforts from the governments for better policy designs. However, better policy design requires understanding the commonalities and differences across slums within and between cities. In this paper, we conduct a comparative study of representative slums across three largest metro cities in India through primary surveys. We find certain characteristics, such as large average household size, poor housing quality, low female labour market participation and high school enrolment rates among children, to be common across and within three cities. Our study however reveals crucial differences between the cities in the demographic pattern of migration and its temporal element. And that in turn brings out considerable heterogeneity among different groups within slums of each cities with respect to living standards, access to civic amenities like sanitation facilities and drinking water. Moreover, there exists major cross-city differences in adult literacy rates across gender, consumption pattern, and subjective wellbeing. Overall, we find that slums in Mumbai on average perform much better in various living condition and social indicators than slums in Delhi and Kolkata.

Pages: 58 pages
Date: 2016-02
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-dem, nep-hap and nep-ure
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (5)

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Working Paper: A Comparative Study of Living Conditions in Slums of Three Metro Cities in India (2016)
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