Building resilient education systems: evidence from large-scale randomized trials in five countries

Noam Angrist, Micheal Ainomugisha, Sai Pramod Bathena, Peter Bergman, Colin Crossley, Claire Cullen, Thato Letsomo, Moitshepi Matsheng, Rene Marlon Panti, Shwetlena Sabarwal and Tim Sullivan

No 2023-02, CSAE Working Paper Series from Centre for the Study of African Economies, University of Oxford

Abstract: Education systems need to withstand frequent shocks, including conflict, disease, natural dis-asters, and climate events, all of which routinely close schools. During these emergencies, alternative models are needed to deliver education. However, rigorous evaluation of effective educational approaches in these settings is challenging and rare, especially across multiple coun-tries. We present results from large-scale randomized trials evaluating the provision of education in emergency settings across five countries: India, Kenya, Nepal, Philippines, and Uganda. We test multiple scalable models of remote instruction for primary school children during COVID-19, which disrupted education for over 1 billion schoolchildren worldwide. Despite heterogeneous contexts, results show that the effectiveness of phone call tutorials can scale across contexts. We find consistently large and robust effect sizes on learning, with average effects of 0.30-0.35 standard deviations. These effects are highly cost-effective, delivering up to four years of high-quality instruction per $100 spent, ranking in the top percentile of education programs and policies. In a subset of trials, we randomized whether the intervention was provided by NGO instructors or government teachers. Results show similar effects, indicating scalability within government systems. These results reveal it is possible to strengthen the resilience of education systems, enabling education provision amidst disruptions, and to deliver cost-effective learning gains across contexts and with governments.

Keywords: education systems; scale; human capital; education in emergencies; COVID-19 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-dev
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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Working Paper: Building Resilient Education Systems: Evidence from Large-Scale Randomized Trials in Five Countries (2023)
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