Don't rock the boat! Do men prefer women leaders who support the status quo?

Belle Derks, Francesca Manzi, Colette van Laar and Naomi Ellemers

LSE Research Online Documents on Economics from London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library

Abstract: Women remain underrepresented in leadership, particularly in traditionally masculine work settings. At the same time, the visibility of this imbalance has led to growing calls for diversifying leadership. This research examines how both men and women contribute to the preservation or disruption of gender inequality in masculine organizational contexts. Men remain the gatekeepers of change—deciding who rises to the top and under what conditions—while women face the strategic dilemma of fitting in by downplaying inequality (supporting the status quo, sometimes called ‘queen bee behaviour’) or ‘rocking the boat’ by advocating social change (challenging the status quo). Across five experimental studies (total N = 887), we examined how evaluators assessed male and female leadership candidates who either supported or challenged the status quo. Results revealed that although men favoured female over male candidates, they consistently preferred women who reinforced the status quo over those who advocated equality. By contrast, male candidates who supported the status quo were penalized, and female evaluators showed no such preferences. These findings highlight subtle mechanisms through which gendered power dynamics are maintained, underscoring both the strategic trade‐offs women must navigate to advance and the conditional nature of men's support for gender equality.

Keywords: masculine defaults; gender stereotypes; women leaders; queen bee phenomenon; gender inequality; system justification (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: J50 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 28 pages
Date: 2026-04-30
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Published in British Journal of Social Psychology, 30, April, 2026, 65(2). ISSN: 0144-6665

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