Why combating climate change is so challenging

André de Palma, R. Lindsey, S. Proost, Y. Riou and A. Trannoy ()
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A. Trannoy: CY Cergy Paris Université, THEMA

No 2025-02, THEMA Working Papers from THEMA (THéorie Economique, Modélisation et Applications), Université de Cergy-Pontoise

Abstract: Climate change is perhaps the most pressing challenge faced by humanity. It causes not only environmental degradation but also impacts whole ecosystems, societies, and global political stability. This paper explores the obstacles to implementing climate-change policies, emphasizing the complex interplay of economic, social, and political factors. It highlights the need to integrate economic, environmental, social, and political dimensions. It stresses that policies must be socially equitable, as demonstrated by the “Gilet Jaune” protests in France. Effective climate action requires balancing financial and non-financial factors and addressing unintended consequences such as job losses, regional economic disparities, and potential social unrest. Ultimately, a multifaceted, interdisciplinary, and inclusive approach is vital for achieving sustainable and socially responsible solutions to combat climate change.

Keywords: climate change; green energy; inaction; sustainability; political economy; acceptability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: D62 H Q42 Q54 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:ema:worpap:2025-02

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