Examining elementary school children’s extracurricular activity participation and their non-cognitive development using longitudinal data in Japan

Ryoji Matsuoka, Makiko Nakamuro and Tomohiko Inui

ESRI Discussion paper series from Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI)

Abstract: This study attempts to reveal a mechanism of intergenerational transmission of advantages by assessing children’s learning experiences outside school. Using four waves of the Japan’s Longitudinal Survey of Babies in the 21st Century, the study investigates whether (1) children’s participation in extracurricular activities (EAs) varies according to parents’ educational backgrounds (as a proxy for socioeconomic status), (2) their EA participation is related to two aspects of their non-cognitive development, and (3) the EA participation mediates a relation between parents’ educational background and non-cognitive development. This study’s results show that children with college-educated parents tend to participate in three categories of EAs: academics, high culture, and sports. These disparities in EA participation show a significant, albeit modest, association with children’s behavior problems and orientation to school. This Japanese case reveals unequal access to adult-led structured learning opportunities in the private education market and indicates that children who participate in such activities gain positive benefits in terms of the non-cognitive aspects of development that are formally and informally evaluated by schoolteachers.

Pages: 52 pages
Date: 2015-03
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-edu and nep-neu
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